Presidents of the United States

The United States is rich in history. Let us re-dedicate ourselves to learn our past, (good and bad) accurately. When we do, we will surely understand ourselves better. Enjoy the site. The biographies at this point are only thumb-nail descriptions. In the future we wish to go into much greater detail.

 When we take a more accurate look at our history, we begin to understand ourselves better. George Washington was definitely not the first President of the United States, by far. General Washington was not even the first President under the Constitution of the United States of America. The only significance President Washington holds, is that he is the first President elected after the United States Constitution was in Place. But again, he was not the first president under the Constitution.

The numbering of the presidents has been corrupted through the years (Please see second term of Grover Cleveland.) the bracketed [] numbers will re-instate from the very beginning with the proper numbering the the presidents. As with Grover Cleveland, a second administration will not create an addition numerical value. This system is based upon the traditions of history and seems to be used only at the convenience of some group. The first president of the United States will be labeled [1] and each succeed president will have an additional number. Split administrations will be considered a continuation of the previous administration.

Please read about parenthesis numbers. ( ) These are internal links.

Please note that it is by the urging of those who knew this information was coming that it was published as a work in progress. It is our hope to add a little to it each month. Your comments are welcomed. If you see an error, those too are encouraged. But please guide us to where the correct information can be found. Contact. Thank you for your understanding.

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Presidents under the Continental Congresses
 These are internal links.

[1] Peyton Randolph 9/5/ - 10/21/1774

[2] Henry Middleton 10/22/ - 10/26/1774

[1] Peyton Randolph 4/10/ - 4/23/1775

[3] John Hancock 4/24/ - 10/30/ 1777

[4] Henry Laurens 11/1/77 - 12/9/1778

[5] John Jay 12/1/78 - 9/27/1779

[6] Samuel Huntington 9/28/79 - 2/28/1781

Biography

Biography

Biography

Biography

Biography

Biography

Biography

On March 1, 1781 the title of the office changed, but Samuel Huntington remained in the chair.

First President of the United States under the Articles of Confederation.
These are internal links.

[7] Thomas McKean (July 10, 1781 to Nov 4, 1781)		[8] John Hanson (Nov 5, 1781 to Nov 4, 1782)		[9] Elias Boudinot (Nov 4, 1782 to Nov 3, 1783)		[10] Thomas Mifflin (Nov 30, 1784 to Nov 23, 1785)
Biography		Biography		Biography		Biography
[11] Richard Henry Lee (Nov 30, 1784 to Nov 23, 1785)		[3] John Hancock  (May 24, 1775 October 30, 1777)		[12] Nathaniel Gorham (June 6, 1786 to Nov 13, 1786)		[13] Arthur St. Clair (Feb 2, 1787 to Oct 29, 1787)
Biography		Biography		Biography		Biography

Presidents under the Constitution of the United States of America
These are internal links.

[14] Cyrus Griffin (Jan 22, 1788 to March 4, 1789) First President under Constitution until inauguration of Washingtion.
Biography

If you are interested in election results for the Presidents, this link will allow you to review the stats.

01. [15] George Washington, 1789-1797 (John Adams , Vice President
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

02. [16] John Adams, 1797-1801 (Thomas Jefferson , Vice President
Biography Inauguaral Address T

03. [17] Thomas Jefferson, 1801-1809 (Aaron Burr 1801-1805, George Clinton (1805-09)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

04. [18] James Madison, 1809-1817 (George Clinton 1809-1812, none 1812-13, Elbridge Gerry 1813-1814, none 1814-17)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

05. [19] James Monroe, 1817-1825 (Daniel D. Tompkins 1817-1825, Vice President)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

06. [20] John Quincy Adams, 1825-1829 (John C. Calhoun 1825-1829, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

07. [21] Andrew Jackson, 1829-1837 (John C. Calhoun 1829-1837, Vice President)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

08. [22] Martin Van Buren, 1837-1841 (Richard M. Johnson 1837-1841, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

09. [23] William Henry Harrison, 1841 (John Tyler 1841, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

10. [24] John Tyler, 1841-1845 John Tyler was the first Vice President to become President of the United States without being elected to the Presidency. (No Vice President)
Biography

11. [25] James Knox Polk, 1845-1849 (Original Family name Pollock) (George M. Dallas 1845-1849, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

**. [26] David Rice Atchison David Rice Atchison was president for a day. (No Vice President)
Biography

12. [27] Zachary Taylor, 1849-1850 (Millard Fillmore 1849-1850, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

13. [28] Millard Fillmore, 1850-1853 Millard Fillmore was never elected to the Presidency. (No Vice President)
Biography

14. [29] Franklin Pierce, 1853-1857 (William King 1853, Vice President none 1853-1857)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

15. [30] James Buchanan, 1857-1861 (John C. Breckinridge 1857-1861, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

16.[31] Abraham Lincoln, 1861-1865 (Hannibal Hamlin 1861-1865, Andrew Johnson 1865, Vice President)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

17. [32] Andrew Johnson, 1865-1869 ) Was Never elected to the Presidency. (No Vice President)
Biography

18. [33] Ulysses Simpson Grant, 1869-1877 (real middle name Hiram) (Schuyler Colfax 1869-1873, Henry Wilson 1873-1875, none 1875-1877
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

19. [34] Rutherford Birchard Hayes, 1877-1881 (William Wheeler 1877-1881, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

20. [35] James Abram Garfield, 1881 (Chester Arthur (1881, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

21. [36] Chester Alan Arthur, 1881-1885 Was Never elected to the Presidency. (No Vice President)
Biography

22. [37] Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889 (Thomas Hendricks 1885, None 1885-1889)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T

23. [38] Benjamin Harrison, 1889-1893 (Levi P. Morton 1889-1893, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

Grove Cleveland served a split administration as president of the United States. If we had, by tradition, counted each election as a separate presidency, Grover Cleveland would still not be the 24th president in his second term. The tradition of each administration being a single presidency is not changed by the fact that Benjamin Harrison had an administration between President Cleveland's two administrations. Therefore by the traditions setforth, the second Cleveland administration cannot be numbered as an additional administration it is the continuation of the first. The numbers in parentheses are the numbering for the presidents based upon this correction.

24.(22) [37] Grover Cleveland, 1893-1897 (Adlai E. Stevenson 1893-1897, Vice President)
Biography 2nd Inauguaral Address T

25. (24) [39] William McKinley, 1897-1901 (Garret Hobart 1897-1901, Theodore Roosevelt 1901, Vice Presidents)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

26. (25) [40] Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909 (none 1901-1905, Charles Fairbanks 1905-1909)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

27. (26) [41] William Howard Taft, 1909-1913 (James S. Sherman 1909-1912, None 1912-1913, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

28. (27) [42] Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921 (Thomas R. Marshall 1913-1921, Vice President)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

29. (28) [43] Warren Harding, 1921-1923 (Calvin Coolidge 1921-1923, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

30. (29) [44] Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929 (none 1923-1925, Charles Dawes 1925-1929, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

31. (30) [45] Herbert Clark Hoover, 1929-1933 (Charles Curtis 1929-1933, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

32. (31) [46] Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1933-1945 (John N. Garner 1933-1941, Henry A. Wallace 1941-45), Harry S. Truman 1945, Vice Presidents)
T = Text. A = Audio. It may be easier with some browsers to right click and save the audio file to your computer, then play. This is especially true for those with dial-up connections. Files are MP3. These are internal links. Biography First Inaugural Speech T A Second Inaugural Speech T A Third Inaugural Speech T A Forth  Inaugural Speech T A MP3 Congress Declares War T A

33. (32) [47] Harry S. Truman, 1945-1953 (None, Alben Barkley 1949-1953, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

34. (33) [48] Dwight David Eisenhower, 1953-1961 (Richard Nixon, 1953-1961, Vice President)
Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T 2nd Inauguaral Address T

35. (34) [49] John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1961-1963 (Lyndon B. Johnson, 1961-1963, Vice President)

T = Text. A = Audio. It may be easier with some browsers to right click and save the audio file to your computer, then play. This is especially true for those with dial-up connections. Files are MP3. These are internal links. Biography City Upon a Hill - January 9, 1961 T A Inaugural Address T A First State of the Union Address - January 30, 1961 T A Peacecorps - March 1, 1961 T A News Conference #10 April 21, 1961 T A Second State of the Union Address January 11, 1962 T A Rice University Nation Space Effort September 12, 1962 T A Third State of the Union Address January 14, 1963 T A Civil Rights June 11, 1963 T A Ich bin ein Berliner speech June 26, 1963 T A Hear a snap-shot of the events from the assassination through the next few days. You will get the sense of what those us experienced as it occurred. Three Days.

36. (35) [50] Lyndon Baines Johnson, 1963-1969 (none, 1963-1965, Hubert Humphrey, 1965-1969, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

37. (36) [51] Richard Milhous Nixon, 1969-1974 (Spiro Agnew, 1969-1973, none, 1973, Gerald Ford, 1973-1974, Vice Presidents)
Biography First Inaugural Speech T Second Inaugural Speech T

38. (37) [52] Gerald Rudolph Ford 1974-1977 (Born Leslie Lynch King Jr.), (none, 1974, Nelson Rockefeller, 1974-77,Vice President)
Gerald Ford was the only non-elected president under the United States Constitution other than Cyrus Griffin (January 22, 1788 to March 4, 1789) until Washington's inauguration as 1st President under the Constitution on March 4, 1789. All other non-elected presidents were elected Vice-President. Because of the resignation of Vice President Spiro T. Agnew. Adivise and consent procedures of the Senate were used to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice-President.
Biography

39. (38) [53] James Earl Carter, Jr., 1977-1981 (Walter Mondale, 1977-1981, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

40. (39) [54] Ronald Wilson Reagan, 1981-1989 (George H. W. Bush, 1981-1989, Vice President)
Biography First Inaugural Speech T Second Inaugural Speech T

41. (40) [55] George Herbert Walker Bush, 1989-93 (Dan Quayle, 1989-1993, Vice President)
Biography Inauguaral Address T

42. (41) [56] William Jefferson Clinton, 1993-2001 (Al Gore, 1993-2001, Vice President)

T = Text. A = Audio. It may be easier with some browsers to right click and save the audio file to your computer, then play. This is especially true for those with dial-up connections. Files are MP3. These are internal links. Biography 1/21/1993 First Inaugural Speech T A 1/25/1994 State of the Union T A 1/24/1995 State of the Union T A 4/19/1995 Oklahoma Bombing T A 1/23/1996 State of the Union T A 2/04/1997 State of the Union T A 1/20/1997 Second Inaugural Speech T A 1/27/1998 State of the Union T A 1/19/1999 State of the Union T A 1/27/2000 State of the Union T A 1/192001Farewell Speech T A

43. (42) [57] George Walker Bush, 2001- (Richard Cheney, 2001-, Vice President )

T = Text. A = Audio. It may be easier with some browsers to right click and save the audio file to your computer, then play. This is especially true for those with dial-up connections. Files are MP3. These are internal links. Biography 1st Inauguaral Address T A Oval Office 9/11/01 T A Bullhorn Address Ground Zero Rescue Workers 09/14/01 T A 9/20/01_911_Speech Joint Session of Congress T A 1/29/02 State of the Union T A 100702 Irag A 1/28/03 State of the Union T A 2/01/03_Columbia_Disaster  T A 1/20/04 State of the Union T A 2nd Inauguaral Address T A 1/2/05 State of the Union T A 9/14, 2005 President Addresses United Nations High-Level Plenary Meeting T A 9/15/05 Federal government's Hurricane Katrina recovery efforts T A 1/3106 State of the Union Address T A President Bush Immigration Speech 051206 3megs President Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair speak about condititions in Iraq 052606 10 megs President Bush on the five year anniversary of 911. T A President Bush White House press conference after Democrats win the House and Senate still in question, November 8, 2006. T A President G. W. Bush comments on the Iraqi War January 10, 2007 4 megs MP3 President G. W. Bush State of the Union Address January 23, 2007 9 megs MP3. T A February 14, 2007 Press conference. T A During press conference, Mr. Bush made an interesting comment. It is 40:30 into the conference. This is the question asked and his complete answer to the question. The statement was, "Money sometimes trumps peace, sometimes ...." A September 13/2007 President Bush Speaks about General Petraeus recommendations. Ao President Bush Speaks to the Heritage Foundation November 01, 2007 A State of the Union Address January 28,2008 T A

If you are interested in election results for the Presidents, this link will allow you to review the stats.

Please read about bracketed numbers. [ ]
Please read about parenthesis numbers. ( )

President of the Confederate States

Jefferson Davis Feb., 1861 - May 10, 1865 (Alexander Stephens 1861 -1865, Vice President)
Biography

Party Key
[D] = Democrat
[D-LR] = Democrat-Liberal Republican
[D-P] = Democrat-Populist
[D-R] = Democrat-Republican
[F] = Federalist
[N-R] = National-Republican
[P] = Progressive
[R] = Republican
[W] = Whig

This information is provided by the Society for Accurate Information and Distribution
http://www.saidnews.org/

Sources for information came from:
G. Robert Vincent Voice Library http://vvl.lib.msu.edu/index.cfm
http://www.public-domain-content.com/President_of_the_United_States/David_Rice_Atchison.shtml
http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/President-of-the-Continental-Congress
http://articlesofconfederation.com/
http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/electoral_college/scores.html#1789
Election results by: National Archives and Records Administration 8601 Adelphi Road College Park, Maryland 20740-6001
http://www.presidentsusa.net/presvplist.html
http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2004/
http://web.archive.org/collections/e2k.html
http://www.whitehouse.gov/